Plasma process is a new technology developed by the United States in the 1990s to treat hazardous waste. Plasma used for waste treatment is a gas cloud formed by ionization of inert gas, which is usually called the fourth state of matter. The plasma system contains a large number of positive and negative charged particles and neutral particles. In the plasma system, an electric current is applied to make the inert gas ionize and generate glow discharge. The high temperature of 300 ~ 3000 ℃ can be reached in 1/1000 seconds, so that the organic waste can be quickly dehydrated, pyrolyzed and relieved, and mixed combustible gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide and alkanes can be produced, and then after secondary combustion, It can destroy the potential pathogenic microorganisms in garbage. Plasma technology can turn medical waste into glassy solid or slag, and the products can be directly landfilled.

Compared with conventional incineration technology, plasma treatment technology is an environment-friendly technology with complete treatment, no secondary pollution and less carbon emission. Plasma is usually an ionized gas containing a large number of electrons, ions, molecules, atoms and free radicals, but it is electrically neutral and has high chemical activity. Plasma technology can completely destroy all kinds of toxic and harmful substances. It is a new technology that can effectively eliminate pollution and has a wide range of uses. The core technology of plasma waste treatment process is plasma generator (plasma torch). In terms of generator, DC arc plasma is the most widely used. Using plasma as the heat source for treatment has the following special advantages in practical application:

1）High enthalpy, high temperature (203 ~ 304k), fast reaction time (2 ~ 10 seconds), high electrothermal conversion efficiency, which is conducive to the treatment of high melting point waste that is difficult to be treated by conventional methods, and makes the process equipment miniaturized, reducing engineering investment and energy saving;

2）Most plasma chemical processes are first-order processes, which can greatly simplify the process flow;

3）The plasma chemical process is not sensitive to the impurities of raw materials, which is conducive to the treatment of complex and difficult materials;

4）Plasma chemical reaction process can be simulated, optimized and controlled;

5）As the temperature in the reaction zone is as high as 800-1500 ℃, it can effectively decompose highly toxic substances that do great harm to human beings, such as carcinogen dioxin. The advantages of plasma treatment technology are low seepage, high volume reduction, high intensity, high disposal efficiency, and it can treat any form of medical waste, without harmful substance emission, and the potential heat energy can be recycled.

It mainly deals with all kinds of waste produced after industrial production, including waste oil, waste residue, waste liquid and other waste oil residue. The components of these wastes mainly include water, oil and sludge, and their proportion has no certain law to follow, because in the production process, the requirements for each material are different. These wastes are mainly analyzed.