Compared with the long-term research and application of the technology of plasma gasification of solid waste abroad, the domestic application research in this field is relatively late. Domestic scientific research institutions have carried out basic research on plasma gasification of solid waste and accumulated technology of relevant demonstration devices, and have achieved certain results. Some domestic energy companies are also actively studying and developing plasma gasification technology, and forming a pilot scale plasma solid waste treatment device.

The Taiwan Institute of nuclear energy began to develop plasma torches by itself in 1993. After breaking through this key technology, a 100kW non transfer arc plasma torch device was developed in 1996. The reactor is specially designed to obtain the best temperature distribution. The waste is covered by the crucible to avoid overflow or diffusion during the treatment process. The device uses argon as the plasma ignition gas, and uses air as the working gas during the processing. The temperature in the central area of the plasma can reach 10000 ℃, and the electron density can reach 6×1022/m³，The high temperature in the central area of the gasifier can transform medical waste into glassy slag. The results of leaching rate analysis show that the slag matrix is very effective for the encapsulation of metal phase. Taiwan Institute of atomic energy uses a thermal plasma melting system to treat fly ash harmlessly. The ash is vitrified into harmless slag in a plasma incinerator, which can be used as building and decorative materials, eliminating the problem of nowhere to store.

Guangxi Academy of Environmental Protection Sciences adopts a 30t/d low-temperature pyrolysis coupled plasma process to treat rural domestic waste. Two years' actual operation results show that the low-temperature pyrolysis coupled plasma treatment technology can effectively realize the harmlessness and reduction of rural domestic waste. The equipment can treat 9900t domestic waste every year, and the yield of waste residue after pyrolysis and carbonization is 12%, of which 80% of the waste residue can be comprehensively utilized; The temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is kept at about 650 ℃, which can effectively inhibit the formation of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxin. At the same time, the flue gas purification system can effectively control the main pollution of dioxin, so, NOx particles and so on in the flue gas.，NOx颗粒物等主要污染。

Guangzhou Energy Research Institute has conducted in-depth research in the field of plasma gasification waste and built a 100kW DC arc plasma pyrolysis gasification system. The device uses nitrogen as the working gas to gasify organic solid waste and biomass, and studies the gasification characteristics of different wastes. In addition, in order to study the pyrolysis process of waste rubber by plasma, Guangzhou Institute of energy pyrolyzed waste rubber through DC arc plasma reactor to produce gaseous fuel and recover carbon black. This research has positive significance for the resource utilization of waste rubber.

The disposal of large volume and unstable low-level radioactive waste resin is a major problem. In order to achieve safe and proper treatment, Southwest Institute of physics of nuclear industry has developed a plasma high-temperature incineration experimental device and used it for the treatment of low-level radioactive waste resin. The plasma high temperature incineration system mainly includes waste pretreatment, primary combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber and tail gas treatment unit. Among them, three sets of plasma torches are installed in the first combustion chamber, and the maximum power of a single torch is 100kW. One set of plasma torches is installed in the second combustion chamber, and the maximum power of a single torch is 50KW. The plasma torches adopt DC non transfer arc mode, and nitrogen is used as the carrier gas. High temperature plasma is produced after arc discharge, forming a uniform high temperature region of 1400 ℃ in the reactor. In this reaction zone, high-temperature plasma directly vaporizes the waste at high temperature. Organic substances are decomposed and gasified to generate combustible gases, and inorganic substances melt to form slag. The results of radioactive waste treatment show that the plasma technology can achieve the effect of volume reduction and stabilization of low-level radioactive waste resin. After plasma treatment, the organic and inorganic components in the resin are decomposed and melted at high temperature respectively, and the mass reduction ratio of low-level radioactive waste resin reaches 13. 95. The mass concentration of nitrogen oxide in tail gas is 20-300mg / m³，The mass concentration of sulfur dioxide is 0-95mg / m³Both are lower than the national emission standards. Leaching experiments show that radionuclides are contained in the glass, and the properties of the solidified body are stable.

In addition, institutions such as Huazhong University of science and technology, Tsinghua University and Sun Yat sen University have also made progress in the research of plasma gasification of solid waste. In addition, some domestic energy companies are also actively studying their own plasma gasification solid waste technology and forming a pilot scale plasma treatment device. It can be seen that the domestic research object of plasma gasification waste is relatively single, mainly focusing on the research of solid waste such as medical waste, fly ash and biomass, and the gasification research of urban domestic waste and industrial waste is still lacking; Moreover, different solid wastes differ greatly in moisture content and composition, and are not classified. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a plasma gasification technology suitable for domestic solid waste treatment according to the characteristics of wastes.

The research and application of plasma technology in the treatment of "three wastes" in China began in the 1990s. However, due to the lack of domestically manufactured main equipment, the high price of imported equipment, and the poor awareness of environmental protection in the past, the development is very slow. Until recent years, due to the increasingly serious harm caused by environmental degradation, the state attaches great importance to environmental protection work, and the strict requirements for hazardous substance discharge standards at home and abroad have promoted the research on the "three wastes" treatment technology and the development of treatment equipment in China, Especially after China successfully developed the first "plasma special waste incinerator" and successfully used it for the incineration of medical waste in, this work has entered a substantive application stage. According to the data collected so far, there are Shenzhen Pingshan people's Hospital, Tianjin TEDA cardiovascular hospital, Shenzhen Environmental Protection Bureau solid waste treatment centerNanjing jingzhijie solid waste treatment center and other units use domestic plasma equipment to treat medical waste. Shenyang Dongjiao solid waste treatment center plans to introduce Japanese equipment. Zhejiang Jubi Chemical Co., Ltd. cooperates with Russia to use plasma equipment to treat fluorine-containing waste and recover fluorine. Sichuan Chenguang Chemical Research institute cooperates with Tsinghua University to use plasma incineration to treat chemical residues. There are only three domestic units engaged in the development and production of plasma incineration equipmentThe above situation shows that the work of using plasma technology to treat "three wastes" in China is still in its infancy.

However, due to the unique superior performance of plasma, it not only has its technical advantages in the treatment of medical and hazardous wastes, but also has strong competitiveness compared with other incineration processes in terms of economy. First of all, the incineration of this process is relatively complete, with less residue and the ratio of residue to waste ≤ 3%, Moreover, it is non-toxic, saves the treatment cost of residues and the construction cost of safe landfills, and reduces the equipment investment cost of the tail gas purification system with a small amount of tail gas. The area of the second treatment plant is very small. Taking the treatment scale of 200 tons / day as an example, the area of the plant, including the garbage storage, is less than 500 square meters. The plasma incineration equipment is relatively advanced in technology, which can be opened and shut down frequently, and can operate stably quickly. The operation is relatively convenient. Fourth, it can easily reach the high temperature that conventional incineration equipment is difficult to reach. For example, it can be used to treat all hazardous wastes except mercury. Fifth, it does not need to consume auxiliary fuel during incineration, which makes up for the large power consumption of this process, Taking the daily processing capacity of tons as an example, the total construction investment is only about several million yuan.

According to the above points, with the deepening understanding of the advantages of this process and the application practice, the process technology and equipment performance will become more mature and complete. It can be expected that the plasma pyrolysis incineration technology will be more and more widely used in the treatment of medical hazardous waste in the future and play an increasingly significant role in environmental protection. There is no certain rule to follow, because in the production process, the requirements for each material are different. These wastes are mainly analyzed.